A half century after Marco Polo's journey, a Muslim scholar little known here in the west traveled more than four times as far. Like Marco Polo, the record of his journey provides in some cases the only remaining written account of exotic places and people.
The Reconquista, or Christian reconquest of Iberia, took nearly 800 years. The fighting did not come without great attempts by Muslim powers across the strait trying to reestablish their presence in mainland Europe. The last gasp of that effort came in the 1330s, when the powerful Marinid sultanate of what is modern Morocco invaded in an attempt to reverse Christian gains and secure the perilous position of the Sultanate of Granada.