In 1945 the United States initiated Project paperclip, a secret program in which more than 1,600 Nazi German scientists, engineers, and technicians were taken from Nazi Germany into the employment of the United States government. And, of course, the Soviets were not going to be left behind. But their project, Osoaviakhim, was very different from paperclip.
During the civil war, the manufacture of powder and explosives was often handled by the most vulnerable, young women and children, whose labor was needed when so many men had been sent off to war. On March 13, 1863, the confederacy experienced a munitions disaster, in the confederate capitol of Richmond.