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On this day, January 23, 1922, fourteen year old Canadian Leonard Thompson received the first successful insulin injection as a treatment for diabetes. Thompson, who was in a coma due to Type 1 Diabetes, was given an injection on January 11, but apparent impurities caused a sever allergic reaction. Biochemist James Collip worked to improve and purify the ox-pancreas extract. The second injection on January 23 brought the boy out of his coma and was a complete success. Prior to the development of insulin, people with Type 1 diabetes did not survive for more than a few weeks or months with the disease.
To the western mind the crossbow is probably most associated with the middle ages, but its invention predates that era by about 1000 years.
In 1630, a little remembered group of 8 Englishmen became separated from their ship, and were left virtually without equipment and supplies, in one of the world’s harshest environments, to almost certain death.
